{"cited_by_count":71486,"description":"This cluster of papers explores the development, challenges, and opportunities in global health biotechnology, with a focus on emerging markets and the role of public-private partnerships. It covers topics such as innovation, entrepreneurship, capacity building, intellectual property, and the potential for science-based health innovation in developing countries.","display_name":"Biotechnology and Related Fields","domain_id":"4","external_ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/T14293","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_health"},"field_id":"27","id":"T14293","keywords":[{"display_name":"biotechnology industry","id":"biotechnology-industry","score":0.3082,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biotechnology-industry"},{"display_name":"biotechnology policy","id":"biotechnology-policy","score":0.3819,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biotechnology-policy"},{"display_name":"biotechnology startups","id":"biotechnology-startups","score":0.2551,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biotechnology-startups"},{"display_name":"biotechnology development","id":"biotechnology-development","score":0.5598,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biotechnology-development"},{"display_name":"history of biotechnology","id":"history-of-biotechnology","score":0.3434,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-biotechnology"},{"display_name":"medical biotechnology","id":"medical-biotechnology","score":0.3344,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-biotechnology"},{"display_name":"biotechnology research","id":"biotechnology-research","score":0.2474,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biotechnology-research"},{"display_name":"biotechnology commercialization","id":"commercialization-of-biotechnology","score":0.3683,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commercialization-of-biotechnology"},{"display_name":"biotechnology innovation","id":"biotechnology-innovation","score":0.2412,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biotechnology-innovation"},{"display_name":"biotechnology market","id":"biotechnology-market","score":0.5507,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biotechnology-market"},{"display_name":"biotechnology clusters","id":"biotechnology-clusters","score":0.3982,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biotechnology-clusters"},{"display_name":"biotechnology entrepreneurship","id":"biotechnology-entrepreneurship","score":0.3324,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biotechnology-entrepreneurship"},{"display_name":"biotechnology investment","id":"biotechnology-investment","score":0.3454,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biotechnology-investment"},{"display_name":"future of biotechnology","id":"future-of-biotechnology","score":0.4936,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/future-of-biotechnology"},{"display_name":"pharmaceutical biotechnology","id":"pharmaceutical-biotechnology","score":0.226,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmaceutical-biotechnology"},{"display_name":"biotechnology industry development","id":"biotechnology-industry-development","score":0.6506,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biotechnology-industry-development"},{"display_name":"biotechnology research and development","id":"biotechnology-research-and-development","score":0.548,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biotechnology-research-and-development"},{"display_name":"biotechnology funding","id":"biotechnology-funding","score":0.3776,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biotechnology-funding"},{"display_name":"biotechnology in medicine","id":"biotechnology-in-medicine","score":0.3122,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biotechnology-in-medicine"},{"display_name":"biotechnology careers","id":"biotechnology-careers","score":0.2172,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biotechnology-careers"},{"display_name":"biotechnology industry growth","id":"biotechnology-industry-growth","score":0.6021,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biotechnology-industry-growth"},{"display_name":"biotechnology workforce","id":"biotechnology-workforce","score":0.3638,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biotechnology-workforce"},{"display_name":"biotech investment","id":"biotech-investment","score":0.4494,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biotech-investment"},{"display_name":"biotechnology and society","id":"biotechnology-and-society","score":0.2289,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biotechnology-and-society"},{"display_name":"biotechnology trends","id":"biotechnology-trends","score":0.4602,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biotechnology-trends"}],"legacy_keywords":["Health Biotechnology","Global Collaboration","Developing Countries","Innovation","Public-Private Partnerships","Emerging Markets","Science-Based Health Innovation","Entrepreneurship","Capacity Building","Intellectual Property"],"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/T14293","source_created_date":"2024-01-23T15:27:22","source_updated_date":"2026-10-17T03:02:00","subfield_id":"2739","url":"/topics/T14293","works_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=topics.id:T14293","works_count":26815,"label":"Biotechnology and Related Fields","provider":"openalex","revision":"7fd175f4c2d2f42f","taxonomy_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","title":"Biotechnology and Related Fields","kind":"topic-directory","aeo_cohort":"topic-directory","catalogue_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","numeric_address":"38360624023873902","address_version":"morton4x16-v1","coordinates":[4,27,2739,14293],"answer_status":"Directory metadata; local answer requires separate source review","truth_status":"Subject descriptor, not a factual answer or a demonstrated knowledge gap","reviewed_answer":null}