{"cited_by_count":350535,"description":"This cluster of papers focuses on the study of immunotoxicology within the field of toxicologic pathology, covering topics such as histopathological evaluation, developmental immunotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and the effects of various compounds on the immune system. It also explores the assessment of immunotoxic potential, cytokine production, and the impact of environmental factors on immune dysfunction.","display_name":"Immunotoxicology and immune responses","domain_id":"1","external_ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/T14072","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunotoxicology"},"field_id":"24","id":"T14072","keywords":[{"display_name":"immunotoxicity","id":"immunotoxicity","score":0.3548,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunotoxicity"},{"display_name":"immunotoxicology","id":"immunotoxicology","score":0.7296,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunotoxicology"},{"display_name":"immune system effects of chemicals","id":"immune-system-effects-of-chemicals","score":0.8733,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immune-system-effects-of-chemicals"},{"display_name":"immunotoxicity testing","id":"immunotoxicity-testing","score":0.846,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunotoxicity-testing"},{"display_name":"immunology terminology","id":"immunology-terminology","score":0.5692,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunology-terminology"},{"display_name":"immunotoxicology terminology","id":"immunotoxicology-terminology","score":0.7935,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunotoxicology-terminology"},{"display_name":"occupational and environmental risk assessment","id":"occupational-and-environmental-risk-assessment","score":0.6876,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-and-environmental-risk-assessment"},{"display_name":"developmental immunotoxicity","id":"developmental-immunotoxicity","score":0.6142,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developmental-immunotoxicity"},{"display_name":"toxicologic pathology","id":"toxicologic-pathology","score":0.2456,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toxicologic-pathology"},{"display_name":"drug-induced immunotoxicity","id":"drug-induced-immunotoxicity","score":0.5774,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-induced-immunotoxicity"},{"display_name":"immunotoxicity assessment","id":"immunotoxicity-assessment","score":0.7941,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunotoxicity-assessment"},{"display_name":"drug effects on the immune system","id":"drug-effects-on-the-immune-system","score":0.4908,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-effects-on-the-immune-system"},{"display_name":"drug immunotoxicity","id":"drug-immunotoxicity","score":0.467,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-immunotoxicity"},{"display_name":"drug effects on immunity","id":"drug-effects-on-immunity","score":0.3109,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-effects-on-immunity"},{"display_name":"spleen cellularity","id":"spleen-cellularity","score":0.2533,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spleen-cellularity"},{"display_name":"popliteal lymph node assay","id":"popliteal-lymph-node-assay","score":0.4281,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/popliteal-lymph-node-assay"},{"display_name":"spontaneous lesions","id":"spontaneous-lesions","score":0.3052,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spontaneous-lesions"},{"display_name":"bis(tri-n-butyltin) oxide","id":"bis-tri-n-butyltin-oxide","score":0.2471,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bis-tri-n-butyltin-oxide"},{"display_name":"subchronic inhalation toxicity","id":"subchronic-inhalation-toxicity","score":0.29,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subchronic-inhalation-toxicity"},{"display_name":"antibiotic effects on immunity","id":"antibiotic-effects-on-immunity","score":0.3043,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibiotic-effects-on-immunity"},{"display_name":"antibody plaque-forming cells","id":"antibody-plaque-forming-cells","score":0.3195,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibody-plaque-forming-cells"},{"display_name":"dose-dependent immunosuppression","id":"dose-dependent-immunosuppression","score":0.2598,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dose-dependent-immunosuppression"},{"display_name":"isobutyl nitrite","id":"isobutyl-nitrite","score":0.2065,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/isobutyl-nitrite"},{"display_name":"spleen morphometry","id":"spleen-morphometry","score":0.2466,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spleen-morphometry"},{"display_name":"splenic plaque-forming cells","id":"splenic-plaque-forming-cells","score":0.2029,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/splenic-plaque-forming-cells"}],"legacy_keywords":["Histopathology","Immunotoxicity","Toxicology","Developmental Immunotoxicity","Pathology Evaluation","Immune System","Neurotoxicity","Bone Marrow","Lymphoid Organs","Cytokine Production"],"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/T14072","source_created_date":"2024-01-23T15:27:21","source_updated_date":"2026-10-17T03:02:00","subfield_id":"2403","url":"/topics/T14072","works_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=topics.id:T14072","works_count":41460,"label":"Immunotoxicology and immune responses","provider":"openalex","revision":"26895dfe42d00dce","taxonomy_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","title":"Immunotoxicology and immune responses","kind":"topic-directory","aeo_cohort":"topic-directory","catalogue_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","numeric_address":"38360330967621701","address_version":"morton4x16-v1","coordinates":[1,24,2403,14072],"answer_status":"Directory metadata; local answer requires separate source review","truth_status":"Subject descriptor, not a factual answer or a demonstrated knowledge gap","reviewed_answer":null}