{"cited_by_count":86474,"description":"This cluster of papers explores the Gaia hypothesis, which proposes that the Earth is a self-regulating system involving complex interactions between the biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere. It delves into topics such as planetary self-regulation, environmental regulation, microbial ecology, daisyworld modeling, and the impact of human activities on global warming and climate change.","display_name":"Earth Systems and Cosmic Evolution","domain_id":"3","external_ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/T13811","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaia_hypothesis"},"field_id":"19","id":"T13811","keywords":[{"display_name":"Gaia hypothesis","id":"gaia-hypothesis","score":0.4481,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaia-hypothesis"},{"display_name":"Earth system","id":"earth-system","score":0.2059,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earth-system"},{"display_name":"Vernadsky","id":"vernadsky","score":0.2134,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vernadsky"},{"display_name":"James Lovelock","id":"james-lovelock","score":0.4925,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/james-lovelock"},{"display_name":"big history","id":"big-history","score":0.2285,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/big-history"},{"display_name":"Earth as a living organism","id":"earth-as-a-living-organism","score":0.6146,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earth-as-a-living-organism"},{"display_name":"Earth system dynamics","id":"earth-system-dynamics","score":0.2658,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earth-system-dynamics"},{"display_name":"biosphere evolution","id":"biosphere-evolution","score":0.3311,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biosphere-evolution"},{"display_name":"planetary self-regulation","id":"planetary-self-regulation","score":0.8643,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planetary-self-regulation"},{"display_name":"Earth as a self-regulating system","id":"earth-as-a-self-regulating-system","score":0.956,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earth-as-a-self-regulating-system"},{"display_name":"Daisyworld","id":"daisyworld","score":0.6817,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/daisyworld"},{"display_name":"Earth system evolution","id":"earth-system-evolution","score":0.2354,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earth-system-evolution"},{"display_name":"Earth system resilience","id":"earth-system-resilience","score":0.2052,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earth-system-resilience"},{"display_name":"Earth as a system","id":"earth-as-a-system","score":0.296,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earth-as-a-system"},{"display_name":"Lovelock","id":"lovelock","score":0.3044,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lovelock"},{"display_name":"planetary ecology","id":"planetary-ecology","score":0.2199,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planetary-ecology"},{"display_name":"universal evolutionism","id":"universal-evolutionism","score":0.2129,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/universal-evolutionism"},{"display_name":"biosphere stability","id":"biosphere-stability","score":0.2148,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biosphere-stability"},{"display_name":"Earth's habitability","id":"earth-s-habitability","score":0.217,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earth-s-habitability"},{"display_name":"Boulding","id":"boulding","score":0.2764,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boulding"}],"legacy_keywords":["Gaia Hypothesis","Earth Systems Science","Complex Adaptive Systems","Environmental Regulation","Planetary Self-Regulation","Daisyworld","Microbial Ecology","Global Warming","Biosphere","Climate Change"],"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/T13811","source_created_date":"2024-01-23T15:27:20","source_updated_date":"2026-10-17T03:02:00","subfield_id":"1902","url":"/topics/T13811","works_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=topics.id:T13811","works_count":13236,"label":"Earth Systems and Cosmic Evolution","provider":"openalex","revision":"b6c3ca1ce45c0409","taxonomy_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","title":"Earth Systems and Cosmic Evolution","kind":"topic-directory","aeo_cohort":"topic-directory","catalogue_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","numeric_address":"38294119751763195","address_version":"morton4x16-v1","coordinates":[3,19,1902,13811],"answer_status":"Directory metadata; local answer requires separate source review","truth_status":"Subject descriptor, not a factual answer or a demonstrated knowledge gap","reviewed_answer":null}