{"cited_by_count":47946,"description":"This cluster of papers explores the role of growth factors, particularly Growth-Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15) and Macrophage Inhibitory Cytokine-1 (MIC-1), in various physiological and pathological processes such as cardiovascular disease, obesity, metabolic homeostasis, neuroprotection, and inflammation. The papers also investigate the potential of these factors as biomarkers for different health conditions.","display_name":"GDF15 and Related Biomarkers","domain_id":"4","external_ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/T13452","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growth_differentiation_factor_15"},"field_id":"27","id":"T13452","keywords":[{"display_name":"growth differentiation factor 15","id":"growth-differentiation-factor-15","score":0.4252,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/growth-differentiation-factor-15"},{"display_name":"GDF15","id":"gdf15","score":0.262,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gdf15"},{"display_name":"GFRAL","id":"gfral","score":0.41,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gfral"},{"display_name":"growth and differentiation factor 15","id":"growth-and-differentiation-factor-15","score":0.3773,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/growth-and-differentiation-factor-15"}],"legacy_keywords":["Growth-Differentiation Factor-15","TGF-\u00df Superfamily","Macrophage Inhibitory Cytokine-1","Mitochondrial-Derived Peptides","Cardiovascular Disease","Obesity","Metabolic Homeostasis","Neuroprotection","Inflammation","Biomarkers"],"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/T13452","source_created_date":"2024-01-23T15:27:18","source_updated_date":"2026-10-17T03:02:00","subfield_id":"2745","url":"/topics/T13452","works_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=topics.id:T13452","works_count":2503,"label":"GDF15 and Related Biomarkers","provider":"openalex","revision":"d974f62573d7b57c","taxonomy_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","title":"GDF15 and Related Biomarkers","kind":"topic-directory","aeo_cohort":"topic-directory","catalogue_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","numeric_address":"38360039773628710","address_version":"morton4x16-v1","coordinates":[4,27,2745,13452],"answer_status":"Directory metadata; local answer requires separate source review","truth_status":"Subject descriptor, not a factual answer or a demonstrated knowledge gap","reviewed_answer":null}