{"cited_by_count":114977,"description":"This cluster of papers focuses on the effects, detection, and adverse consequences of beta-adrenergic agonists, such as clenbuterol, ractopamine, and zilpaterol, in livestock. The research covers topics such as their impact on meat quality, performance, and the development of detection methods including immunoassays and electrochemical sensors.","display_name":"Pharmacological Effects and Assays","domain_id":"1","external_ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/T13338","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta2-adrenergic_agonist"},"field_id":"11","id":"T13338","keywords":[{"display_name":"clenbuterol","id":"clenbuterol","score":0.5183,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clenbuterol"},{"display_name":"ractopamine","id":"ractopamine","score":0.6383,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ractopamine"},{"display_name":"zeranol","id":"zeranol","score":0.6797,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zeranol"},{"display_name":"trenbolone acetate","id":"trenbolone-acetate","score":0.6472,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trenbolone-acetate"},{"display_name":"indirect competitive ELISA","id":"indirect-competitive-elisa","score":0.2245,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indirect-competitive-elisa"},{"display_name":"zilpaterol hydrochloride","id":"zilpaterol-hydrochloride","score":0.8147,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zilpaterol-hydrochloride"},{"display_name":"ractopamine hydrochloride","id":"ractopamine-hydrochloride","score":0.6693,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ractopamine-hydrochloride"},{"display_name":"bovine urine","id":"bovine-urine","score":0.3964,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bovine-urine"},{"display_name":"cimaterol","id":"cimaterol","score":0.772,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cimaterol"},{"display_name":"clenbuterol hydrochloride","id":"clenbuterol-hydrochloride","score":0.6027,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clenbuterol-hydrochloride"},{"display_name":"hormone residues","id":"hormone-residues","score":0.3373,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hormone-residues"},{"display_name":"leanness-enhancing agents","id":"leanness-enhancing-agents","score":0.7354,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leanness-enhancing-agents"},{"display_name":"anabolic implants","id":"anabolic-implants","score":0.7461,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anabolic-implants"},{"display_name":"trenbolone","id":"trenbolone","score":0.3401,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trenbolone"},{"display_name":"zilpaterol","id":"zilpaterol","score":0.7171,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zilpaterol"},{"display_name":"anabolic steroid residues","id":"anabolic-steroid-residues","score":0.7939,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anabolic-steroid-residues"},{"display_name":"\u7626\u8089\u7cbe","id":"\u7626\u8089\u7cbe","score":0.88,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/\u7626\u8089\u7cbe"},{"display_name":"swine urine","id":"swine-urine","score":0.4969,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swine-urine"},{"display_name":"boldenone","id":"boldenone","score":0.2894,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boldenone"},{"display_name":"illegal drug use in livestock","id":"illegal-drug-use-in-livestock","score":0.8509,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/illegal-drug-use-in-livestock"},{"display_name":"pig urine","id":"pig-urine","score":0.3367,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pig-urine"},{"display_name":"Ralgro","id":"ralgro","score":0.4662,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ralgro"},{"display_name":"anabolic growth promoters","id":"anabolic-growth-promoters","score":0.7475,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anabolic-growth-promoters"},{"display_name":"residue screening","id":"residue-screening","score":0.2015,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residue-screening"},{"display_name":"growth-promoting implants","id":"growth-promoting-implants","score":0.4519,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/growth-promoting-implants"}],"legacy_keywords":["Clenbuterol","Ractopamine","Zilpaterol","Meat Quality","Livestock","Performance","Detection","Immunoassay","Electrochemical Sensor","Adverse Effects"],"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/T13338","source_created_date":"2024-01-23T15:27:18","source_updated_date":"2026-10-17T03:02:00","subfield_id":"1103","url":"/topics/T13338","works_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=topics.id:T13338","works_count":13402,"label":"Pharmacological Effects and Assays","provider":"openalex","revision":"efef0fca2b300830","taxonomy_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","title":"Pharmacological Effects and Assays","kind":"topic-directory","aeo_cohort":"topic-directory","catalogue_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","numeric_address":"38293791039874279","address_version":"morton4x16-v1","coordinates":[1,11,1103,13338],"answer_status":"Directory metadata; local answer requires separate source review","truth_status":"Subject descriptor, not a factual answer or a demonstrated knowledge gap","reviewed_answer":null}