{"cited_by_count":156277,"description":"This cluster of papers explores the cross-cultural encounters, trade, diplomacy, and conflicts in the medieval Mediterranean region, focusing on the interactions between Islamic and Christian societies during the Crusades. It delves into topics such as Islamic history, Christian-Muslim relations, maritime conflict management, and the experiences of religious minorities in this diverse and dynamic historical context.","display_name":"Medieval History and Crusades","domain_id":"2","external_ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/T12999","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medieval_Mediterranean"},"field_id":"12","id":"T12999","keywords":[{"display_name":"Crusades","id":"crusades","score":0.5783,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crusades"},{"display_name":"Crusader states","id":"crusader-states","score":0.7665,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crusader-states"},{"display_name":"Holy Land","id":"holy-land","score":0.2116,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/holy-land"},{"display_name":"Mamluk Sultanate","id":"mamluk-sultanate","score":0.3489,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mamluk-sultanate"},{"display_name":"Knights Hospitaller","id":"knights-hospitaller","score":0.4603,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knights-hospitaller"},{"display_name":"Knights Templar","id":"knights-templar","score":0.4279,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knights-templar"},{"display_name":"medieval commerce","id":"medieval-trade","score":0.2161,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medieval-trade"},{"display_name":"medieval warfare","id":"medieval-warfare","score":0.2659,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medieval-warfare"},{"display_name":"First Crusade","id":"first-crusade","score":0.6874,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/first-crusade"},{"display_name":"Kingdom of Jerusalem","id":"kingdom-of-jerusalem","score":0.7456,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kingdom-of-jerusalem"},{"display_name":"medieval Mediterranean","id":"medieval-mediterranean","score":0.6174,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medieval-mediterranean"},{"display_name":"Mediterranean trade","id":"mediterranean-trade","score":0.2544,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mediterranean-trade"},{"display_name":"Saladin","id":"saladin","score":0.7112,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/saladin"},{"display_name":"medieval Islamic history","id":"medieval-islamic-history","score":0.3084,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medieval-islamic-history"},{"display_name":"medieval military orders","id":"medieval-military-orders","score":0.5538,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medieval-military-orders"},{"display_name":"Fatimid Caliphate","id":"fatimid-caliphate","score":0.4338,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fatimid-caliphate"},{"display_name":"crusaders","id":"crusaders","score":0.5865,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crusaders"},{"display_name":"Mamluks","id":"mamluks","score":0.4523,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mamluks"},{"display_name":"Ayyubid dynasty","id":"ayyubid-dynasty","score":0.7002,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ayyubid-dynasty"},{"display_name":"Third Crusade","id":"third-crusade","score":0.6769,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/third-crusade"},{"display_name":"crusade historiography","id":"historiography-of-the-crusades","score":0.863,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/historiography-of-the-crusades"},{"display_name":"Fourth Crusade","id":"fourth-crusade","score":0.3814,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourth-crusade"},{"display_name":"Christian-Muslim conflict","id":"muslim-christian-conflict","score":0.2505,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muslim-christian-conflict"},{"display_name":"holy war","id":"holy-war","score":0.2024,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/holy-war"},{"display_name":"medieval Sicily","id":"medieval-sicily","score":0.2898,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medieval-sicily"}],"legacy_keywords":["Mediterranean","Cross-Cultural Encounters","Crusades","Islamic History","Christian-Muslim Relations","Medieval Trade","Diplomacy","Cultural Interaction","Religious Minorities","Maritime Conflict"],"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/T12999","source_created_date":"2024-01-23T15:27:16","source_updated_date":"2026-10-17T03:02:00","subfield_id":"1202","url":"/topics/T12999","works_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=topics.id:T12999","works_count":86072,"label":"Medieval History and Crusades","provider":"openalex","revision":"d0918861fda00f0e","taxonomy_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","title":"Medieval History and Crusades","kind":"topic-directory","aeo_cohort":"topic-directory","catalogue_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","numeric_address":"38285547994884824","address_version":"morton4x16-v1","coordinates":[2,12,1202,12999],"answer_status":"Directory metadata; local answer requires separate source review","truth_status":"Subject descriptor, not a factual answer or a demonstrated knowledge gap","reviewed_answer":null}