{"cited_by_count":301162,"description":"This cluster of papers focuses on genetic and clinical studies related to ocular development, particularly microphthalmia, anophthalmia, and associated syndromes such as Fraser syndrome. It explores the genetic mutations in genes like SOX2 and BCOR, as well as the use of orbital implants in surgical management of eye malformations. The research also delves into epidermal adhesion and its role in ocular development.","display_name":"Ocular Disorders and Treatments","domain_id":"1","external_ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/T12989","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microphthalmia"},"field_id":"13","id":"T12989","keywords":[{"display_name":"congenital eye malformation","id":"congenital-eye-malformation","score":0.647,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/congenital-eye-malformation"},{"display_name":"microphthalmia","id":"microphthalmia","score":0.472,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microphthalmia"},{"display_name":"eye development","id":"eye-development","score":0.2261,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-development"},{"display_name":"ocular prosthesis","id":"ocular-prosthesis","score":0.3669,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ocular-prosthesis"},{"display_name":"anophthalmia","id":"anophthalmia","score":0.6073,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anophthalmia"},{"display_name":"coloboma","id":"coloboma","score":0.4752,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coloboma"},{"display_name":"ocular malformations","id":"ocular-malformations","score":0.5828,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ocular-malformations"},{"display_name":"aniridia","id":"aniridia","score":0.3881,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aniridia"},{"display_name":"orbital implants","id":"orbital-implants","score":0.5612,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orbital-implants"},{"display_name":"hereditary eye disease","id":"hereditary-eye-disease","score":0.2079,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hereditary-eye-disease"},{"display_name":"congenital ptosis","id":"congenital-ptosis","score":0.3393,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/congenital-ptosis"},{"display_name":"lens development","id":"lens-development","score":0.2189,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lens-development"},{"display_name":"optic nerve hypoplasia","id":"optic-nerve-hypoplasia","score":0.3334,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optic-nerve-hypoplasia"},{"display_name":"pediatric eye disease","id":"pediatric-eye-disease","score":0.2005,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pediatric-eye-disease"},{"display_name":"anterior segment dysgenesis","id":"anterior-segment-dysgenesis","score":0.707,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anterior-segment-dysgenesis"},{"display_name":"iris coloboma","id":"iris-coloboma","score":0.5309,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iris-coloboma"},{"display_name":"congenital aniridia","id":"congenital-aniridia","score":0.6339,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/congenital-aniridia"},{"display_name":"eyelid malformation","id":"eyelid-malformation","score":0.6492,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eyelid-malformation"},{"display_name":"orbital prosthesis","id":"orbital-prosthesis","score":0.427,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orbital-prosthesis"},{"display_name":"persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous","id":"persistent-hyperplastic-primary-vitreous","score":0.641,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/persistent-hyperplastic-primary-vitreous"},{"display_name":"Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome","id":"axenfeld-rieger-syndrome","score":0.5821,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/axenfeld-rieger-syndrome"},{"display_name":"microcornea","id":"microcornea","score":0.5066,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microcornea"},{"display_name":"anophthalmic socket","id":"anophthalmic-socket","score":0.8005,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anophthalmic-socket"},{"display_name":"optic disc anomaly","id":"optic-disc-anomaly","score":0.5672,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optic-disc-anomaly"},{"display_name":"implant exposure","id":"implant-exposure","score":0.3073,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implant-exposure"}],"legacy_keywords":["Ocular Development","Microphthalmia","Anophthalmia","Genetic Mutations","Fraser Syndrome","Orbital Implants","SOX2 Gene","BCOR Gene","Eye Malformations","Epidermal Adhesion"],"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/T12989","source_created_date":"2024-01-23T15:27:16","source_updated_date":"2026-10-17T03:02:00","subfield_id":"1311","url":"/topics/T12989","works_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=topics.id:T12989","works_count":35961,"label":"Ocular Disorders and Treatments","provider":"openalex","revision":"265caf3609d86a99","taxonomy_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","title":"Ocular Disorders and Treatments","kind":"topic-directory","aeo_cohort":"topic-directory","catalogue_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","numeric_address":"38285563971563087","address_version":"morton4x16-v1","coordinates":[1,13,1311,12989],"answer_status":"Directory metadata; local answer requires separate source review","truth_status":"Subject descriptor, not a factual answer or a demonstrated knowledge gap","reviewed_answer":null}