{"cited_by_count":71248,"description":"This cluster of papers explores the prevalence, motivations, medical complications, and societal perceptions of tattoos and body piercings. It delves into the risks associated with body art, including dermatological and cancer-related concerns, as well as the psychological and behavioral aspects of individuals with tattoos and piercings. The cluster also investigates the impact of body modification on social status, self-esteem, and employment opportunities.","display_name":"Tattoo and Body Piercing Complications","domain_id":"2","external_ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/T12901","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_art"},"field_id":"33","id":"T12901","keywords":[{"display_name":"body modification","id":"body-modification","score":0.273,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-modification"},{"display_name":"tattooing","id":"tattooing","score":0.4191,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tattooing"},{"display_name":"tattoos","id":"tattoos","score":0.4059,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tattoos"},{"display_name":"piercing","id":"body-piercing","score":0.4336,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-piercing"},{"display_name":"tattoo removal","id":"tattoo-removal","score":0.6206,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tattoo-removal"},{"display_name":"tattoo ink","id":"tattoo-ink","score":0.7357,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tattoo-ink"},{"display_name":"tattoo pigments","id":"tattoo-pigments","score":0.7367,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tattoo-pigments"},{"display_name":"tattoo complications","id":"tattoo-complications","score":0.8724,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tattoo-complications"},{"display_name":"tattoo artists","id":"tattoo-artists","score":0.4898,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tattoo-artists"},{"display_name":"oral piercings","id":"oral-piercings","score":0.8369,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-piercings"},{"display_name":"laser tattoo removal","id":"laser-tattoo-removal","score":0.7776,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser-tattoo-removal"},{"display_name":"ear piercing","id":"ear-piercing","score":0.3308,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ear-piercing"},{"display_name":"history of tattooing","id":"history-of-tattooing","score":0.7057,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-tattooing"},{"display_name":"tongue piercing","id":"tongue-piercing","score":0.7306,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tongue-piercing"},{"display_name":"piercing complications","id":"piercing-complications","score":0.8875,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/piercing-complications"},{"display_name":"tattoo culture","id":"tattoo-culture","score":0.6514,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tattoo-culture"},{"display_name":"tattoo symbolism","id":"tattoo-symbolism","score":0.4737,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tattoo-symbolism"},{"display_name":"permanent makeup","id":"permanent-makeup","score":0.7294,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/permanent-makeup"},{"display_name":"cosmetic tattooing","id":"cosmetic-tattooing","score":0.7397,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosmetic-tattooing"},{"display_name":"tattoo art","id":"tattoo-art","score":0.4268,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tattoo-art"},{"display_name":"tattoo design","id":"tattoo-design","score":0.5158,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tattoo-design"},{"display_name":"tattoo studios","id":"tattoo-studios","score":0.4658,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tattoo-studios"},{"display_name":"lip piercing","id":"lip-piercing","score":0.702,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lip-piercing"},{"display_name":"tattoo reaction","id":"tattoo-reaction","score":0.7453,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tattoo-reaction"},{"display_name":"temporary tattoos","id":"temporary-tattoos","score":0.2647,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temporary-tattoos"}],"legacy_keywords":["Tattoos","Body Piercings","Medical Complications","Psychological Motivations","Risk-Taking Behaviors","Dermatological Complications","Cancer Risk","Adolescent Behavior","Social Perception","Health Risks"],"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/T12901","source_created_date":"2024-01-23T15:27:16","source_updated_date":"2026-10-17T03:02:00","subfield_id":"3316","url":"/topics/T12901","works_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=topics.id:T12901","works_count":13725,"label":"Tattoo and Body Piercing Complications","provider":"openalex","revision":"7fd77b32cf9d6597","taxonomy_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","title":"Tattoo and Body Piercing Complications","kind":"topic-directory","aeo_cohort":"topic-directory","catalogue_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","numeric_address":"38355914669165594","address_version":"morton4x16-v1","coordinates":[2,33,3316,12901],"answer_status":"Directory metadata; local answer requires separate source review","truth_status":"Subject descriptor, not a factual answer or a demonstrated knowledge gap","reviewed_answer":null}