{"cited_by_count":125407,"description":"This cluster of papers covers a wide range of topics related to the cultivation, genetic mapping, oil composition, medicinal properties, water use efficiency, nitrogen fertilization, and downy mildew resistance in safflower and sunflower. It includes research on yield response to environmental factors, medicinal uses in traditional Chinese medicine, genetic diversity, and potential applications as bioactive food ingredients.","display_name":"Sunflower and Safflower Cultivation","domain_id":"1","external_ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/T12742","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safflower"},"field_id":"11","id":"T12742","keywords":[{"display_name":"sunflower","id":"sunflower","score":0.358,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sunflower"},{"display_name":"safflower","id":"safflower","score":0.4922,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safflower"},{"display_name":"sunflower hybrids","id":"sunflower-hybrids","score":0.7301,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sunflower-hybrids"},{"display_name":"sunflower breeding","id":"sunflower-breeding","score":0.8129,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sunflower-breeding"},{"display_name":"sunflower cultivation","id":"sunflower-cultivation","score":0.4861,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sunflower-cultivation"},{"display_name":"head diameter","id":"head-diameter","score":0.5371,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/head-diameter"},{"display_name":"sunflower cultivars","id":"sunflower-cultivars","score":0.5664,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sunflower-cultivars"},{"display_name":"sunflower yield","id":"sunflower-yield","score":0.4365,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sunflower-yield"},{"display_name":"Helianthus","id":"helianthus","score":0.2108,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/helianthus"},{"display_name":"Helianthus annuus subsp. annuus","id":"helianthus-annuus-subsp-annuus","score":0.9871,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/helianthus-annuus-subsp-annuus"},{"display_name":"sunflower varieties","id":"sunflower-varieties","score":0.6427,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sunflower-varieties"},{"display_name":"achene yield","id":"achene-yield","score":0.7857,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/achene-yield"},{"display_name":"sunflower production","id":"sunflower-production","score":0.3651,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sunflower-production"},{"display_name":"oilseed sunflower","id":"oilseed-sunflower","score":0.694,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oilseed-sunflower"},{"display_name":"sunflower genotypes","id":"sunflower-genotypes","score":0.6304,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sunflower-genotypes"},{"display_name":"oil sunflower","id":"oil-sunflower","score":0.554,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oil-sunflower"},{"display_name":"confectionery sunflower","id":"confectionery-sunflower","score":0.8572,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confectionery-sunflower"},{"display_name":"wild sunflower","id":"wild-sunflower","score":0.3808,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wild-sunflower"},{"display_name":"wild helianthus","id":"wild-helianthus","score":0.728,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wild-helianthus"},{"display_name":"ornamental sunflower","id":"ornamental-sunflower","score":0.3828,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ornamental-sunflower"},{"display_name":"sunflower diseases","id":"sunflower-diseases","score":0.4586,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sunflower-diseases"},{"display_name":"high-oleic sunflower","id":"high-oleic-sunflower","score":0.681,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-oleic-sunflower"},{"display_name":"Helianthus argophyllus","id":"helianthus-argophyllus","score":0.462,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/helianthus-argophyllus"},{"display_name":"oleic acid content","id":"oleic-acid-content","score":0.2698,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oleic-acid-content"},{"display_name":"spring safflower","id":"spring-safflower","score":0.9351,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spring-safflower"}],"legacy_keywords":["Safflower","Sunflower","Cultivation","Genetic Mapping","Oil Composition","Medicinal Properties","Water Use Efficiency","Nitrogen Fertilization","Pharmacological Review","Downy Mildew Resistance"],"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/T12742","source_created_date":"2024-01-23T15:27:15","source_updated_date":"2026-10-17T03:02:00","subfield_id":"1110","url":"/topics/T12742","works_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=topics.id:T12742","works_count":32856,"label":"Sunflower and Safflower Cultivation","provider":"openalex","revision":"01eb7bf1425e8603","taxonomy_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","title":"Sunflower and Safflower Cultivation","kind":"topic-directory","aeo_cohort":"topic-directory","catalogue_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","numeric_address":"38285031587982563","address_version":"morton4x16-v1","coordinates":[1,11,1110,12742],"answer_status":"Directory metadata; local answer requires separate source review","truth_status":"Subject descriptor, not a factual answer or a demonstrated knowledge gap","reviewed_answer":null}