{"cited_by_count":89057,"description":"This cluster of papers explores the global phenomenon of medical tourism, including its impact on healthcare systems, patient experiences, ethical considerations, market analysis, and the globalization of healthcare services. It delves into topics such as quality of care, patient satisfaction, destination image, and the implications for both destination and departure countries. The papers also discuss the role of wellness tourism and the potential ethical and regulatory challenges associated with the industry.","display_name":"Global Healthcare and Medical Tourism","domain_id":"4","external_ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/T12681","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_tourism"},"field_id":"36","id":"T12681","keywords":[{"display_name":"medical tourism","id":"medical-tourism","score":0.638,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-tourism"},{"display_name":"wellness tourism","id":"wellness-tourism","score":0.6104,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wellness-tourism"},{"display_name":"spa tourism","id":"spa-tourism","score":0.2789,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spa-tourism"},{"display_name":"cross-border healthcare","id":"cross-border-healthcare","score":0.2863,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-border-healthcare"},{"display_name":"foreign patients","id":"international-patients","score":0.3471,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-patients"},{"display_name":"dental tourism","id":"dental-tourism","score":0.722,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dental-tourism"},{"display_name":"spa services","id":"spa-services","score":0.2298,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spa-services"},{"display_name":"thermal tourism","id":"thermal-tourism","score":0.276,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-tourism"},{"display_name":"therapeutic tourism","id":"therapeutic-tourism","score":0.5563,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/therapeutic-tourism"},{"display_name":"wellness services","id":"wellness-services","score":0.2819,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wellness-services"},{"display_name":"spa industry","id":"spa-industry","score":0.2761,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spa-industry"},{"display_name":"wellness hotels","id":"wellness-hotels","score":0.4252,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wellness-hotels"},{"display_name":"globalization of health care","id":"globalization-of-health-care","score":0.348,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/globalization-of-health-care"},{"display_name":"health tourism policy","id":"health-tourism-policy","score":0.9763,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-tourism-policy"},{"display_name":"inbound medical tourism","id":"inbound-medical-tourism","score":0.9284,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inbound-medical-tourism"},{"display_name":"international medical travel","id":"international-medical-travel","score":0.7408,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-medical-travel"},{"display_name":"cosmetic surgery tourism","id":"cosmetic-surgery-tourism","score":0.7683,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosmetic-surgery-tourism"},{"display_name":"medical tourism policy","id":"medical-tourism-policy","score":0.9946,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-tourism-policy"},{"display_name":"medical tourism marketing","id":"medical-tourism-marketing","score":0.975,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-tourism-marketing"},{"display_name":"health services trade","id":"trade-in-health-services","score":0.3528,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-in-health-services"},{"display_name":"sanatorium and resort complex","id":"sanatorium-and-resort-complex","score":0.3939,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sanatorium-and-resort-complex"},{"display_name":"spa management","id":"spa-management","score":0.2732,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spa-management"},{"display_name":"healing tourism","id":"healing-tourism","score":0.4022,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/healing-tourism"},{"display_name":"spa facilities","id":"spa-facilities","score":0.2133,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spa-facilities"},{"display_name":"Directive 2011/24/EU","id":"directive-2011-24-eu","score":0.2671,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/directive-2011-24-eu"}],"legacy_keywords":["Medical Tourism","Healthcare Outsourcing","Wellness Tourism","Globalization of Healthcare","Patient Experience","Quality of Care","Market Analysis","Cross-Border Patient Mobility","Ethical Implications","Destination Image"],"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/T12681","source_created_date":"2024-01-23T15:27:15","source_updated_date":"2026-10-17T03:02:00","subfield_id":"3600","url":"/topics/T12681","works_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=topics.id:T12681","works_count":25416,"label":"Global Healthcare and Medical Tourism","provider":"openalex","revision":"13aa64ce0052d0f0","taxonomy_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","title":"Global Healthcare and Medical Tourism","kind":"topic-directory","aeo_cohort":"topic-directory","catalogue_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","numeric_address":"38355675010859784","address_version":"morton4x16-v1","coordinates":[4,36,3600,12681],"answer_status":"Directory metadata; local answer requires separate source review","truth_status":"Subject descriptor, not a factual answer or a demonstrated knowledge gap","reviewed_answer":null}