{"cited_by_count":117750,"description":"This cluster of papers focuses on the comparison of different techniques and outcomes in dacryocystorhinostomy, including endoscopic and external approaches, for the treatment of nasolacrimal duct obstruction, including congenital cases. It also covers topics such as the use of mitomycin C, canalicular stenosis, epiphora, and lacrimal sac tumors.","display_name":"Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction Treatments","domain_id":"4","external_ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/T12523","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dacryocystorhinostomy"},"field_id":"27","id":"T12523","keywords":[{"display_name":"nasolacrimal duct obstruction","id":"nasolacrimal-duct-obstruction","score":0.8656,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nasolacrimal-duct-obstruction"},{"display_name":"lacrimal drainage system","id":"lacrimal-drainage-system","score":0.8122,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lacrimal-drainage-system"},{"display_name":"epiphora","id":"epiphora","score":0.5477,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epiphora"},{"display_name":"lacrimal drainage obstruction","id":"lacrimal-duct-obstruction","score":0.8073,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lacrimal-duct-obstruction"},{"display_name":"dacryocystorhinostomy","id":"dacryocystorhinostomy","score":0.8389,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dacryocystorhinostomy"},{"display_name":"lacrimal surgery","id":"lacrimal-surgery","score":0.8502,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lacrimal-surgery"},{"display_name":"lacrimal sac","id":"lacrimal-sac","score":0.7354,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lacrimal-sac"},{"display_name":"endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy","id":"endoscopic-dacryocystorhinostomy","score":0.9336,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endoscopic-dacryocystorhinostomy"},{"display_name":"lacrimal drainage surgery","id":"lacrimal-drainage-surgery","score":0.9211,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lacrimal-drainage-surgery"},{"display_name":"chronic dacryocystitis","id":"chronic-dacryocystitis","score":0.8935,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-dacryocystitis"},{"display_name":"dacryocystitis","id":"dacryocystitis","score":0.6217,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dacryocystitis"},{"display_name":"nasolacrimal duct","id":"nasolacrimal-duct","score":0.6261,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nasolacrimal-duct"},{"display_name":"external dacryocystorhinostomy","id":"external-dacryocystorhinostomy","score":0.9307,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/external-dacryocystorhinostomy"},{"display_name":"congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction","id":"congenital-nasolacrimal-duct-obstruction","score":0.9239,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/congenital-nasolacrimal-duct-obstruction"},{"display_name":"silicone intubation","id":"silicone-intubation","score":0.935,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silicone-intubation"},{"display_name":"lacrimal irrigation","id":"lacrimal-irrigation","score":0.9157,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lacrimal-irrigation"},{"display_name":"lacrimal drainage","id":"lacrimal-drainage","score":0.5577,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lacrimal-drainage"},{"display_name":"lacrimal canaliculus","id":"lacrimal-canaliculus","score":0.6929,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lacrimal-canaliculus"},{"display_name":"lacrimal system","id":"lacrimal-system","score":0.5041,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lacrimal-system"},{"display_name":"nasolacrimal duct probing","id":"nasolacrimal-duct-probing","score":0.9447,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nasolacrimal-duct-probing"},{"display_name":"dacryocystography","id":"dacryocystography","score":0.8683,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dacryocystography"},{"display_name":"nasolacrimal duct intubation","id":"nasolacrimal-duct-intubation","score":0.9452,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nasolacrimal-duct-intubation"},{"display_name":"lacrimal ducts","id":"lacrimal-ducts","score":0.5402,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lacrimal-ducts"},{"display_name":"lacrimal drainage disorders","id":"lacrimal-drainage-disorders","score":0.6699,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lacrimal-drainage-disorders"},{"display_name":"pediatric lacrimal surgery","id":"pediatric-lacrimal-surgery","score":0.9885,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pediatric-lacrimal-surgery"}],"legacy_keywords":["Dacryocystorhinostomy","Endoscopic","External","Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction","Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction","Lacrimal Drainage System","Mitomycin C","Canalicular Stenosis","Epiphora","Lacrimal Sac Tumors"],"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/T12523","source_created_date":"2024-01-23T15:27:14","source_updated_date":"2026-10-17T03:02:00","subfield_id":"2731","url":"/topics/T12523","works_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=topics.id:T12523","works_count":17924,"label":"Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction Treatments","provider":"openalex","revision":"467143d56c672a37","taxonomy_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","title":"Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction Treatments","kind":"topic-directory","aeo_cohort":"topic-directory","catalogue_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","numeric_address":"38351243822948846","address_version":"morton4x16-v1","coordinates":[4,27,2731,12523],"answer_status":"Directory metadata; local answer requires separate source review","truth_status":"Subject descriptor, not a factual answer or a demonstrated knowledge gap","reviewed_answer":null}