{"cited_by_count":538907,"description":"This cluster of papers explores the development of political thought in the early modern era, focusing on key figures such as Hugo Grotius, Thomas Hobbes, and Spinoza. It delves into topics such as natural rights, sovereignty, international law, colonialism, and the intersection of theology and politics during the Enlightenment.","display_name":"Seventeenth-Century Political and Philosophical Thought","domain_id":"2","external_ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/T12517","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_modern_period"},"field_id":"12","id":"T12517","keywords":[{"display_name":"Spinoza","id":"baruch-spinoza","score":0.5854,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baruch-spinoza"},{"display_name":"John Locke","id":"john-locke","score":0.4965,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/john-locke"},{"display_name":"Ren\u00e9 Descartes","id":"rene-descartes","score":0.3586,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rene-descartes"},{"display_name":"Thomas Hobbes","id":"thomas-hobbes","score":0.5317,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thomas-hobbes"},{"display_name":"Leibniz","id":"gottfried-wilhelm-leibniz","score":0.451,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gottfried-wilhelm-leibniz"},{"display_name":"Cartesianism","id":"cartesianism","score":0.572,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartesianism"},{"display_name":"English Civil War","id":"english-civil-war","score":0.2688,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-civil-war"},{"display_name":"seventeenth-century philosophy","id":"17th-century-philosophy","score":0.579,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/17th-century-philosophy"},{"display_name":"Blaise Pascal","id":"blaise-pascal","score":0.4859,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blaise-pascal"},{"display_name":"state of nature","id":"state-of-nature","score":0.4495,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-of-nature"},{"display_name":"Leviathan","id":"leviathan","score":0.5088,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leviathan"},{"display_name":"Hugo Grotius","id":"hugo-grotius","score":0.4848,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hugo-grotius"},{"display_name":"early modern philosophy","id":"early-modern-philosophy","score":0.3128,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-modern-philosophy"},{"display_name":"natural rights","id":"natural-rights","score":0.258,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-rights"},{"display_name":"Charles I","id":"charles-i","score":0.2364,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/charles-i"},{"display_name":"Pierre Bayle","id":"pierre-bayle","score":0.5517,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pierre-bayle"},{"display_name":"Spinozism","id":"spinozism","score":0.6254,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spinozism"},{"display_name":"early modern political thought","id":"early-modern-political-thought","score":0.395,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-modern-political-thought"},{"display_name":"substance","id":"substance","score":0.2265,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/substance"},{"display_name":"Cartesian dualism","id":"cartesian-dualism","score":0.2122,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartesian-dualism"},{"display_name":"Oliver Cromwell","id":"oliver-cromwell","score":0.2123,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oliver-cromwell"},{"display_name":"Nicolas Malebranche","id":"nicolas-malebranche","score":0.5896,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nicolas-malebranche"},{"display_name":"Ethics (Spinoza)","id":"ethics-spinoza","score":0.8848,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethics-spinoza"},{"display_name":"English Parliament","id":"parliament-of-england","score":0.2699,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parliament-of-england"},{"display_name":"Glorious Revolution","id":"glorious-revolution","score":0.2164,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glorious-revolution"}],"legacy_keywords":["Hugo Grotius","Thomas Hobbes","Spinoza","Enlightenment","International Law","Sovereignty","Natural Rights","Colonialism","Ethics","Theology"],"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/T12517","source_created_date":"2024-01-23T15:27:14","source_updated_date":"2026-10-17T03:02:00","subfield_id":"1211","url":"/topics/T12517","works_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=topics.id:T12517","works_count":185588,"label":"Seventeenth-Century Political and Philosophical Thought","provider":"openalex","revision":"8b5b25854e45ab30","taxonomy_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","title":"Seventeenth-Century Political and Philosophical Thought","kind":"topic-directory","aeo_cohort":"topic-directory","catalogue_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","numeric_address":"38284998247475804","address_version":"morton4x16-v1","coordinates":[2,12,1211,12517],"answer_status":"Directory metadata; local answer requires separate source review","truth_status":"Subject descriptor, not a factual answer or a demonstrated knowledge gap","reviewed_answer":null}