{"cited_by_count":493085,"description":"This cluster of papers explores the ecology, evolution, and interactions of gall-inducing insects, with a focus on parasitoid wasps, DNA barcoding, host specificity, plant-herbivore interactions, phylogeny, morphology, invasive species, and biological control. The research covers a wide range of topics related to the adaptive significance, diversity, and impact of gall-inducing insects in various ecosystems.","display_name":"Hymenoptera taxonomy and phylogeny","domain_id":"1","external_ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/T12132","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gall_inducing_insects"},"field_id":"11","id":"T12132","keywords":[{"display_name":"parasitoid wasps","id":"parasitoid-wasps","score":0.664,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parasitoid-wasps"},{"display_name":"Hymenoptera","id":"hymenoptera","score":0.543,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hymenoptera"},{"display_name":"ants","id":"ants","score":0.4153,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ants"},{"display_name":"Braconidae","id":"braconidae","score":0.857,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/braconidae"},{"display_name":"Ichneumonidae","id":"ichneumonidae","score":0.8574,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ichneumonidae"},{"display_name":"bees","id":"bees","score":0.2967,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bees"},{"display_name":"female morphology","id":"female-morphology","score":0.2713,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/female-morphology"},{"display_name":"head morphology","id":"head-morphology","score":0.3446,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/head-morphology"},{"display_name":"mesosoma","id":"mesosoma","score":0.966,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mesosoma"},{"display_name":"metasoma","id":"metasoma","score":0.9167,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metasoma"},{"display_name":"wasps","id":"wasps","score":0.3074,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wasps"},{"display_name":"worker morphology","id":"worker-morphology","score":0.9015,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/worker-morphology"},{"display_name":"Halictidae","id":"halictidae","score":0.6795,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/halictidae"},{"display_name":"Crabronidae","id":"crabronidae","score":0.3571,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crabronidae"},{"display_name":"bee taxonomy","id":"bee-taxonomy","score":0.843,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bee-taxonomy"},{"display_name":"wing venation","id":"wing-venation","score":0.2242,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wing-venation"},{"display_name":"Chalcidoidea","id":"chalcidoidea","score":0.7725,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chalcidoidea"},{"display_name":"propodeum","id":"propodeum","score":0.9751,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/propodeum"},{"display_name":"Vespidae","id":"vespidae","score":0.5648,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vespidae"},{"display_name":"Apidae","id":"apidae","score":0.4667,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apidae"},{"display_name":"Cynipidae","id":"cynipidae","score":0.7641,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cynipidae"},{"display_name":"Megachilidae","id":"megachilidae","score":0.6693,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/megachilidae"},{"display_name":"sawflies","id":"sawflies","score":0.592,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sawflies"},{"display_name":"wasp taxonomy","id":"wasp-taxonomy","score":0.5534,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wasp-taxonomy"},{"display_name":"cuckoo wasps","id":"chrysididae","score":0.8134,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chrysididae"}],"legacy_keywords":["Gall-Inducing Insects","Parasitoid Wasps","DNA Barcoding","Host Specificity","Plant-Herbivore Interactions","Phylogeny","Morphology","Invasive Species","Tropical Forests","Biological Control"],"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/T12132","source_created_date":"2024-01-23T15:27:13","source_updated_date":"2026-10-17T03:02:00","subfield_id":"1105","url":"/topics/T12132","works_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=topics.id:T12132","works_count":254519,"label":"Hymenoptera taxonomy and phylogeny","provider":"openalex","revision":"bf3efbdd55639a4a","taxonomy_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","title":"Hymenoptera taxonomy and phylogeny","kind":"topic-directory","aeo_cohort":"topic-directory","catalogue_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","numeric_address":"36183312972392487","address_version":"morton4x16-v1","coordinates":[1,11,1105,12132],"answer_status":"Directory metadata; local answer requires separate source review","truth_status":"Subject descriptor, not a factual answer or a demonstrated knowledge gap","reviewed_answer":null}