{"cited_by_count":343933,"description":"This cluster of papers focuses on the impact of interventions and policies related to child labor, education, and poverty reduction, particularly in the context of conditional cash transfers, school subsidies, and orphan care. It explores the effects of these interventions on household vulnerability, social protection, gender inequality, and primary education in low- and middle-income countries.","display_name":"Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare","domain_id":"2","external_ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/T11556","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_labour"},"field_id":"33","id":"T11556","keywords":[{"display_name":"child labor","id":"child-labor","score":0.2309,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/child-labor"},{"display_name":"conditional cash transfers","id":"conditional-cash-transfers","score":0.505,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conditional-cash-transfers"},{"display_name":"cash transfers","id":"cash-transfers","score":0.3557,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cash-transfers"},{"display_name":"Bolsa Fam\u00edlia","id":"bolsa-familia-program","score":0.2862,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bolsa-familia-program"},{"display_name":"school feeding programs","id":"school-feeding-programs","score":0.2947,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-feeding-programs"},{"display_name":"child workers","id":"child-workers","score":0.387,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/child-workers"},{"display_name":"unconditional cash transfers","id":"unconditional-cash-transfers","score":0.5591,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unconditional-cash-transfers"},{"display_name":"orphans and vulnerable children","id":"orphans-and-vulnerable-children","score":0.5466,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orphans-and-vulnerable-children"},{"display_name":"school enrolment","id":"school-enrolment","score":0.2416,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-enrolment"},{"display_name":"out-of-school children","id":"out-of-school-children","score":0.2834,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/out-of-school-children"},{"display_name":"Program Keluarga Harapan","id":"program-keluarga-harapan","score":0.2354,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-keluarga-harapan"},{"display_name":"intergenerational poverty","id":"intergenerational-transmission-of-poverty","score":0.2097,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intergenerational-transmission-of-poverty"},{"display_name":"AIDS orphans","id":"aids-orphans","score":0.4835,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aids-orphans"},{"display_name":"universal primary education","id":"universal-primary-education","score":0.2555,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/universal-primary-education"},{"display_name":"child labor policy","id":"child-labor-policy","score":0.6285,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/child-labor-policy"},{"display_name":"poverty targeting","id":"poverty-targeting","score":0.2319,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poverty-targeting"},{"display_name":"PROGRESA","id":"progresa","score":0.6716,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/progresa"},{"display_name":"social protection policy","id":"social-protection-policy","score":0.2028,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-protection-policy"},{"display_name":"determinants of child labor","id":"determinants-of-child-labor","score":0.9191,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/determinants-of-child-labor"},{"display_name":"working children","id":"working-children","score":0.2648,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-children"},{"display_name":"child schooling","id":"child-schooling","score":0.3693,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/child-schooling"},{"display_name":"primary school enrollment","id":"primary-school-enrollment","score":0.224,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-school-enrollment"},{"display_name":"mid-day meal scheme","id":"mid-day-meal-scheme","score":0.5119,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mid-day-meal-scheme"},{"display_name":"worst forms of child labor","id":"worst-forms-of-child-labor","score":0.4077,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/worst-forms-of-child-labor"},{"display_name":"causes of child labor","id":"causes-of-child-labor","score":0.685,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causes-of-child-labor"}],"legacy_keywords":["Conditional Cash Transfers","School Subsidies","Education Policies","Orphan Care","Poverty Reduction","Gender Inequality","AIDS Orphans","Household Vulnerability","Social Protection","Primary Education"],"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/T11556","source_created_date":"2024-01-23T15:27:11","source_updated_date":"2026-10-17T03:02:00","subfield_id":"3311","url":"/topics/T11556","works_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=topics.id:T11556","works_count":66949,"label":"Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare","provider":"openalex","revision":"854a1d5dd9cde743","taxonomy_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","title":"Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare","kind":"topic-directory","aeo_cohort":"topic-directory","catalogue_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","numeric_address":"36253132906318934","address_version":"morton4x16-v1","coordinates":[2,33,3311,11556],"answer_status":"Directory metadata; local answer requires separate source review","truth_status":"Subject descriptor, not a factual answer or a demonstrated knowledge gap","reviewed_answer":null}