{"cited_by_count":831838,"description":"This cluster of papers focuses on the evolution, composition, and effects of snake venoms, as well as the development of antivenom treatments. It covers topics such as envenoming, toxin proteomics, phospholipases A2, metalloproteinases, and the impact on hemostasis. The papers also explore the evolutionary origins and diversity of snake venom components.","display_name":"Venomous Animal Envenomation and Studies","domain_id":"1","external_ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/T11353","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snake_venom"},"field_id":"13","id":"T11353","keywords":[{"display_name":"snake venom","id":"snake-venom","score":0.8253,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snake-venom"},{"display_name":"snakebite","id":"snakebite","score":0.8272,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snakebite"},{"display_name":"antivenom","id":"antivenom","score":0.8939,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antivenom"},{"display_name":"envenomation","id":"envenomation","score":0.7757,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/envenomation"},{"display_name":"venomous snakes","id":"venomous-snakes","score":0.624,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/venomous-snakes"},{"display_name":"scorpion venom","id":"scorpion-venom","score":0.6613,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scorpion-venom"},{"display_name":"scorpion envenomation","id":"scorpion-envenomation","score":0.8705,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scorpion-envenomation"},{"display_name":"venom toxicity","id":"venom-toxicity","score":0.9031,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/venom-toxicity"},{"display_name":"scorpion stings","id":"scorpion-stings","score":0.7721,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scorpion-stings"},{"display_name":"spider venom","id":"spider-venom","score":0.6073,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spider-venom"},{"display_name":"neurotoxins","id":"neurotoxins","score":0.2041,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurotoxins"},{"display_name":"venom composition","id":"venom-composition","score":0.8303,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/venom-composition"},{"display_name":"spider bites","id":"spider-bites","score":0.6302,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spider-bites"},{"display_name":"snake venom toxins","id":"snake-venom-toxins","score":0.7541,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snake-venom-toxins"},{"display_name":"snakebite treatment","id":"snakebite-treatment","score":0.6447,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snakebite-treatment"},{"display_name":"antivenom therapy","id":"antivenom-therapy","score":0.9492,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antivenom-therapy"},{"display_name":"venomous animals","id":"venomous-animals","score":0.6602,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/venomous-animals"},{"display_name":"venom toxins","id":"venom-toxins","score":0.8306,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/venom-toxins"},{"display_name":"venom neutralization","id":"venom-neutralization","score":0.9372,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/venom-neutralization"},{"display_name":"Naja atra","id":"naja-atra","score":0.7112,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naja-atra"},{"display_name":"venom proteins","id":"venom-proteins","score":0.7946,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/venom-proteins"},{"display_name":"myotoxicity","id":"myotoxicity","score":0.5649,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/myotoxicity"},{"display_name":"rattlesnake venom","id":"rattlesnake-venom","score":0.9061,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rattlesnake-venom"},{"display_name":"cobra venom","id":"cobra-venom","score":0.7497,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cobra-venom"},{"display_name":"venom proteome","id":"venom-proteome","score":0.8622,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/venom-proteome"}],"legacy_keywords":["Snake Venom","Envenoming","Toxins","Antivenom","Evolution","Proteomics","Phospholipases A2","Metalloproteinases","Hemostasis","L-amino Acid Oxidases"],"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/T11353","source_created_date":"2024-01-23T15:27:10","source_updated_date":"2026-10-17T03:02:00","subfield_id":"1311","url":"/topics/T11353","works_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=topics.id:T11353","works_count":68451,"label":"Venomous Animal Envenomation and Studies","provider":"openalex","revision":"6a61f38845ce2b1d","taxonomy_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","title":"Venomous Animal Envenomation and Studies","kind":"topic-directory","aeo_cohort":"topic-directory","catalogue_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","numeric_address":"36182745961784911","address_version":"morton4x16-v1","coordinates":[1,13,1311,11353],"answer_status":"Directory metadata; local answer requires separate source review","truth_status":"Subject descriptor, not a factual answer or a demonstrated knowledge gap","reviewed_answer":null}