{"cited_by_count":1014822,"description":"This cluster of papers focuses on the global epidemiology of myopia and visual impairment, including the prevalence, risk factors, progression, and treatment of myopia, refractive errors, and related conditions. It also explores the impact of environmental factors, genetic influences, and interventions such as orthokeratology and atropine therapy.","display_name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies","domain_id":"4","external_ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/T10381","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myopia"},"field_id":"27","id":"T10381","keywords":[{"display_name":"myopia","id":"myopia","score":0.4689,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/myopia"},{"display_name":"refractive error","id":"refractive-error","score":0.6079,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/refractive-error"},{"display_name":"amblyopia","id":"amblyopia","score":0.4655,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amblyopia"},{"display_name":"hyperopia","id":"hyperopia","score":0.5251,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperopia"},{"display_name":"myopia progression","id":"myopia-progression","score":0.901,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/myopia-progression"},{"display_name":"astigmatism","id":"astigmatism","score":0.3696,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astigmatism"},{"display_name":"axial length","id":"axial-length","score":0.3431,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/axial-length"},{"display_name":"myopia control","id":"myopia-control","score":0.9257,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/myopia-control"},{"display_name":"low vision","id":"low-vision","score":0.3208,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-vision"},{"display_name":"vision screening","id":"vision-screening","score":0.5763,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vision-screening"},{"display_name":"spectacle lenses","id":"spectacle-lenses","score":0.5732,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectacle-lenses"},{"display_name":"presbyopia","id":"presbyopia","score":0.4463,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/presbyopia"},{"display_name":"eye health","id":"eye-health","score":0.2711,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-health"},{"display_name":"refractive error correction","id":"refractive-correction","score":0.3572,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/refractive-correction"},{"display_name":"myopia prevention","id":"myopia-prevention","score":0.8893,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/myopia-prevention"},{"display_name":"orthokeratology","id":"orthokeratology","score":0.8003,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthokeratology"},{"display_name":"visual acuity testing","id":"visual-acuity-testing","score":0.5561,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-acuity-testing"},{"display_name":"high myopia","id":"high-myopia","score":0.2399,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-myopia"},{"display_name":"blindness prevention","id":"blindness-prevention","score":0.2156,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blindness-prevention"},{"display_name":"spherical equivalent","id":"spherical-equivalent","score":0.4201,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spherical-equivalent"},{"display_name":"anisometropia","id":"anisometropia","score":0.586,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anisometropia"},{"display_name":"amblyopia treatment","id":"amblyopia-treatment","score":0.7036,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amblyopia-treatment"},{"display_name":"emmetropia","id":"emmetropia","score":0.5942,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emmetropia"},{"display_name":"cycloplegic refraction","id":"cycloplegic-refraction","score":0.7137,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cycloplegic-refraction"},{"display_name":"refractive error measurement","id":"refractive-error-measurement","score":0.6378,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/refractive-error-measurement"}],"legacy_keywords":["Myopia","Visual Impairment","Epidemiology","Refractive Error","Global Prevalence","Childhood Myopia","Uncorrected Refractive Errors","Amblyopia","Ocular Aberrations","Orthokeratology"],"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/T10381","source_created_date":"2024-01-23T15:27:06","source_updated_date":"2026-10-17T03:02:00","subfield_id":"2713","url":"/topics/T10381","works_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=topics.id:T10381","works_count":123468,"label":"Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies","provider":"openalex","revision":"f2b816404de94d43","taxonomy_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","title":"Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies","kind":"topic-directory","aeo_cohort":"topic-directory","catalogue_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","numeric_address":"36240181351082286","address_version":"morton4x16-v1","coordinates":[4,27,2713,10381],"answer_status":"Directory metadata; local answer requires separate source review","truth_status":"Subject descriptor, not a factual answer or a demonstrated knowledge gap","reviewed_answer":null}