{"cited_by_count":1122833,"description":"This cluster of papers revolves around formal methods in software verification and control, focusing on topics such as model checking, symbolic model checking, satisfiability modulo theories, temporal logic, hybrid systems, automata, safety verification, control barrier functions, runtime verification, and probabilistic systems.","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","domain_id":"3","external_ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/T10142","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formal_methods"},"field_id":"17","id":"T10142","keywords":[{"display_name":"model checking","id":"model-checking","score":0.5661,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-checking"},{"display_name":"formal verification","id":"formal-verification","score":0.3423,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-verification"},{"display_name":"formal specification","id":"formal-specification","score":0.2492,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-specification"},{"display_name":"formal methods","id":"formal-methods","score":0.3474,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-methods"},{"display_name":"timed automata","id":"timed-automata","score":0.719,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/timed-automata"},{"display_name":"linear temporal logic","id":"linear-temporal-logic","score":0.5714,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-temporal-logic"},{"display_name":"temporal logic","id":"temporal-logic","score":0.3044,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temporal-logic"},{"display_name":"hybrid systems","id":"hybrid-systems","score":0.2045,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-systems"},{"display_name":"reachability analysis","id":"reachability-analysis","score":0.4265,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reachability-analysis"},{"display_name":"state space explosion","id":"state-space-explosion","score":0.4524,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-space-explosion"},{"display_name":"software verification","id":"software-verification","score":0.3156,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-verification"},{"display_name":"hardware verification","id":"hardware-verification","score":0.3879,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-verification"},{"display_name":"safety properties","id":"safety-properties","score":0.6128,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safety-properties"},{"display_name":"binary decision diagrams","id":"binary-decision-diagrams","score":0.4016,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-decision-diagrams"},{"display_name":"SMT solvers","id":"smt-solvers","score":0.45,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smt-solvers"},{"display_name":"concurrent systems","id":"concurrent-systems","score":0.3293,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concurrent-systems"},{"display_name":"bounded model checking","id":"bounded-model-checking","score":0.7591,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounded-model-checking"},{"display_name":"safety verification","id":"safety-verification","score":0.4758,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safety-verification"},{"display_name":"symbolic model checking","id":"symbolic-model-checking","score":0.8105,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symbolic-model-checking"},{"display_name":"reactive systems","id":"reactive-systems","score":0.3271,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reactive-systems"},{"display_name":"runtime verification","id":"runtime-verification","score":0.4808,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/runtime-verification"},{"display_name":"automated verification","id":"automated-verification","score":0.3351,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automated-verification"},{"display_name":"UPPAAL","id":"uppaal","score":0.7098,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uppaal"},{"display_name":"probabilistic model checking","id":"probabilistic-model-checking","score":0.651,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-model-checking"},{"display_name":"protocol verification","id":"protocol-verification","score":0.4005,"url":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol-verification"}],"legacy_keywords":["Model Checking","Symbolic Model Checker","Satisfiability Modulo Theories","Temporal Logic","Hybrid Systems","Automata","Safety Verification","Control Barrier Functions","Runtime Verification","Probabilistic Systems"],"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","source_created_date":"2024-01-23T15:27:05","source_updated_date":"2026-10-17T03:02:00","subfield_id":"1703","url":"/topics/T10142","works_api_url":"https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=topics.id:T10142","works_count":96442,"label":"Formal Methods in Verification","provider":"openalex","revision":"b4bfc49653e41b9a","taxonomy_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","title":"Formal Methods in Verification","kind":"topic-directory","aeo_cohort":"topic-directory","catalogue_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","numeric_address":"36042853378067671","address_version":"morton4x16-v1","coordinates":[3,17,1703,10142],"answer_status":"Directory metadata; local answer requires separate source review","truth_status":"Subject descriptor, not a factual answer or a demonstrated knowledge gap","reviewed_answer":null}