{"id":"S85077209","label":"Lingua francas","description":"Here are entered works discussing auxiliary, sometimes mixed, languages used among groups having no other language in common. Works discussing languages resulting from the intermingling of phonological, grammatical and/or lexical elements from different languages in areas of intensive language contact are entered under the heading [Languages, Mixed.] Works discussing lingua francas which are native to none of those using them and are characterized by a simplified grammar and often mixed vocabulary are entered under the heading [Pidgin languages.] Works discussing pidgin languages that have become established as the native language of a speech community are entered under the heading [Creole dialects.]","source_url":"https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85077209","normalized_label":"lingua francas","broader":["http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85074606"],"aliases":["Contact vernaculars","Linguae francae","Trade languages","Vehicular languages"],"source_identifier":"http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85077209","provider":"lcsh","revision":"a2ce51151f6facf2","taxonomy_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","title":"Lingua francas","url":"/topics/S85077209","kind":"topic-directory","aeo_cohort":"topic-directory","catalogue_revision":"f050b5d4780b1289","numeric_address":"900799091389628996","address_version":"morton4x16-v1","coordinates":[0,20,18611,25600],"answer_status":"Directory metadata; local answer requires separate source review","truth_status":"Subject descriptor, not a factual answer or a demonstrated knowledge gap","reviewed_answer":null}